本书根据职业院校培养目标及其对课程和教学模式改革的要求，跟踪当前电工电子技术的新发展，按照加强实践性环节的需求编写而成。本书采用项目教学形式，全面、系统地讲述电工电子技术的基本知识与技能要求。具体内容包括：电路分析基础、正弦交流电路、三相交流电路、磁路与变压器、电动机及其控制、二极管及整流电路、三极管及基本放大电路、集成运算放大器、组合逻辑电路、触发器和时序逻辑电路等。书中还详细介绍了常用电工、电子元器件的分类、命名、检测及应用，注重初学者基本知识和技能的培养。本书具有内容新，理论深度适当，实用性、实践性强等特点，可作为高等职业院校非电类专业的教材，也可作为广大无线电爱好者和相关专业工程技术人员的参考书。

李丽琼，双师型教师，机电类专业课程教师，机电类专业建设负责人之一。荣获优秀教师、巾帼标兵、国产工业软件应用活动优秀教师等称号。

项目1 电路分析基础 ·······················································································.1
任务1.1 认识电路的组成 ·············································································.1
1.1.1 认识简单实际电路及元器件 ····························································.1
1.1.2 电路及电路模型 ···········································································.2
1.1.3 电路的常见基本元器件 ··································································.3
任务1.2 电路的基本物理量 ··········································································.4
1.2.1 电流 ··························································································.4
1.2.2 电位 ··························································································.5
1.2.3 电压 ··························································································.5
1.2.4 电动势 ·······················································································.6
1.2.5 电能和电功率 ··············································································.7
任务1.3 分析简单电路 ················································································.8
1.3.1 电路的几种状态 ···········································································.8
1.3.2 欧姆定律 ···················································································.10
1.3.3 电压源、电流源及其等效变换 ························································.12
任务1.4 分析复杂电路 ···············································································.14
1.4.1 支路、节点、回路和网孔 ······························································.14
1.4.2 基尔霍夫定律 ·············································································.15
1.4.3 支路电流法 ················································································.16
1.4.4 戴维南定理 ················································································.17
*任务1.5 相关知识扩展 ·············································································.19
技能训练一 常用电阻、电容、电感元件的检测和直流电路中电压、电流的测量 ······.19
项目小结 ··································································································.22
思考与练习 ·······························································································.24
项目2 正弦交流电路 ······················································································.26
任务2.1 认识正弦交流电 ············································································.26
2.1.1 正弦交流电基本概念 ····································································.26
2.1.2 正弦量三要素及正弦量有效值 ························································.27
任务2.2 正弦量的相量表示 ·········································································.28
2.2.1 复数及其表示方法 ·······································································.28
2.2.2 复数的运算 ················································································.29
2.2.3 正弦量的相量表示 ·······································································.30
任务2.3 分析单一参数元件（电阻、电感、电容）正弦交流电路 ·························.31
2.3.1 纯电阻正弦交流电路 ····································································.31
2.3.2 纯电感正弦交流电路 ····································································.32
2.3.3 纯电容正弦交流电路 ····································································.33
任务2.4 分析电阻、电感、电容混联的正弦电路 ··············································.34
2.4.1 RLC 串联电路 ·············································································.34
*2.4.2 复阻抗的串联和并联 ···································································.36
*任务2.5 相关知识扩展 ·············································································.36
技能训练二 RLC 串联交流电路和并联交流电路 ···············································.37
技能训练三 荧光灯电路及功率因数的提高 ······················································.39
项目小结 ··································································································.41
思考与练习 ·······························································································.42
项目3 三相交流电路 ······················································································.44
任务3.1 认识三相电源 ···············································································.44
3.1.1 三相交流电动势的产生 ·································································.45
3.1.2 三相电源的星形（Y）连接 ····························································.46
3.1.3 三相电源的三角形（△）连接 ························································.49
任务3.2 认识三相负载 ···············································································.49
3.2.1 负载的星形连接 ··········································································.51
3.2.2 负载的三角形连接 ·······································································.54
*任务3.3 相关知识扩展 ·············································································.55
技能训练四 三相对称负载电路和三相不对称负载电路 ·······································.55
技能训练五 三相电路功率的测量 ··································································.58
项目小结 ··································································································.60
思考与练习 ·······························································································.61
项目4 磁路与变压器 ······················································································.62
任务4.1 认识磁路 ·····················································································.62
4.1.1 磁路的基本物理量及性质 ······························································.62
4.1.2 磁路定律 ···················································································.66
*4.1.3 直流磁路 ··················································································.67
*4.1.4 交流磁路 ··················································································.68
任务4.2 认识变压器 ··················································································.70
4.2.1 变压器的用途与分类 ····································································.70
4.2.2 变压器的基本工作原理及单相变压器 ···············································.71
*任务4.3 相关知识扩展 ·············································································.74
技能训练六 测试单相铁芯变压器特性 ····························································.75
项目小结 ··································································································.77
思考与练习 ·······························································································.77
项目5 电动机及其控制 ···················································································.79
任务5.1 认识三相异步电动机 ······································································.79
5.1.1 常用电动机的类型 ·······································································.80
5.1.2 三相异步电动机的结构 ·································································.80
5.1.3 三相异步电动机的接线 ·································································.82
任务5.2 理解三相异步电动机的工作原理 ·······················································.83
5.2.1 三相异步电动机的转动原理 ···························································.84
5.2.2 三相异步电动机的机械特性 ···························································.86
5.2.3 三相异步电动机的铭牌数据 ···························································.88
任务5.3 控制三相异步电动机 ······································································.89
5.3.1 认识常用低压电器 ·······································································.90
5.3.2 三相异步电动机的启动控制 ···························································.97
5.3.3 三相异步电动机的调速控制 ·························································.102
5.3.4 三相异步电动机的制动控制 ·························································.104
*5.3.5 电气控制系统实例 ····································································.104
*任务5.4 相关知识扩展 ···········································································.110
技能训练七 三相异步电动机的正、反转控制电路 ···········································.110
项目小结 ································································································.114
思考与练习 ·····························································································.115
项目6 二极管及整流电路 ··············································································.117
任务6.1 认识半导体 ················································································.117
6.1.1 半导体的共价键结构 ··································································.118
6.1.2 本征半导体 ··············································································.118
任务6.2 认识PN 结与二极管 ·····································································.119
6.2.1 PN 结的形成 ·············································································.119
6.2.2 PN 结的单向导电性 ····································································.121
6.2.3 二极管的结构及基本特性 ····························································.122
任务6.3 整流电路 ···················································································.125
6.3.1 单相半波整流电路 ·····································································.125
6.3.2 单相桥式整流电路 ·····································································.126
*任务6.4 相关知识扩展 ···········································································.127
项目小结 ································································································.128
思考与练习 ·····························································································.128
项目7 三极管及基本放大电路 ········································································.132
任务7.1 认识三极管 ················································································.132
7.1.1 三极管的结构与分类 ··································································.132
7.1.2 三极管的工作原理 ·····································································.134
7.1.3 三极管的参数和检测 ··································································.138
任务7.2 分析基本放大电路及其应用 ···························································.140
7.2.1 单管共射基本放大电路 ·······························································.140
7.2.2 分压式偏置电路 ········································································.147
7.2.3 共集电极放大电路 ·····································································.150
7.2.4 共基极放大电路 ········································································.154
7.2.5 放大电路三种基本接法的特点及用途 ·············································.155
任务7.3 认识电路中的反馈 ·······································································.156
7.3.1 反馈的概念 ··············································································.156
7.3.2 反馈的类型 ··············································································.157
7.3.3 负反馈的作用 ···········································································.158
任务7.4 认识功率放大电路 ·······································································.159
7.4.1 概述 ·······················································································.160
7.4.2 乙类双电源互补对称功率放大电路 ················································.161
7.4.3 其他常见功率放大电路 ·······························································.162
*任务7.5 相关知识扩展 ···········································································.164
技能训练八 三极管好坏、引脚的判别及其典型应用电路 ··································.165
项目小结 ································································································.173
思考与练习 ·····························································································.174
项目8 集成运算放大器 ·················································································.179
任务8.1 认识集成运算放大器 ····································································.179
8.1.1 认识集成运算放大器 ··································································.179
8.1.2 集成运算放大器电路的组成及作用 ················································.180
8.1.3 集成运算放大器的应用条件 ·························································.182
任务8.2 分析基本运算放大电路 ·································································.183
8.2.1 理想集成运算放大器的应用 ·························································.183
8.2.2 理想集成运算放大器的非线性应用 ················································.186
8.2.3 使用集成运算放大器时应该注意的问题 ··········································.188
8.2.4 集成运算放大器应用举例 ····························································.190
*任务8.3 相关知识扩展 ···········································································.192
技能训练九 集成运算放大器的基本应用 ·······················································.192
项目小结 ································································································.197
思考与练习 ·····························································································.197
项目9 组合逻辑电路 ····················································································.199
任务9.1 认识基本门电路 ··········································································.199
9.1.1 数字电路概述 ···········································································.199
9.1.2 基本逻辑门电路结构及功能 ·························································.200
9.1.3 复合逻辑门电路结构及功能 ·························································.202
任务9.2 逻辑运算及逻辑电路的化简 ···························································.204
9.2.1 数制与码制 ··············································································.205
9.2.2 逻辑函数的表示方法 ··································································.206
9.2.3 基本逻辑运算规则和定律 ····························································.208
9.2.4 逻辑电路的化简 ········································································.208
任务9.3 分析和设计组合逻辑电路 ······························································.209
9.3.1 组合逻辑电路分析 ·····································································.209
9.3.2 组合逻辑电路设计 ·····································································.210
任务9.4 认识编码器、译码器、加法器 ························································.211
9.4.1 编码器结构及功能 ·····································································.211
9.4.2 译码器结构及功能 ·····································································.213
9.4.3 加法器结构及功能 ·····································································.216
*任务9.5 相关知识扩展 ···········································································.217
技能训练十 组合逻辑电路的设计与测试 ·······················································.217
项目小结 ································································································.219
思考与练习 ·····························································································.220
项目10 触发器和时序逻辑电路 ······································································.222
任务10.1 认识触发器 ··············································································.222
10.1.1 基本RS 触发器的组成及其工作原理 ·············································.222
10.1.2 可控RS 触发器的组成及功能 ······················································.224
任务10.2 常见JK、D、T 触发器 ································································.227
10.2.1 JK 触发器 ···············································································.227
10.2.2 T 触发器 ················································································.229
10.2.3 D 触发器 ················································································.229
任务10.3 认识计数器 ··············································································.230
10.3.1 时序逻辑电路 ··········································································.230
10.3.2 计数器 ···················································································.231
*任务10.4 认识寄存器和存储器 ·································································.239
10.4.1 寄存器 ···················································································.240
10.4.2 存储器 ···················································································.242
*任务10.5 相关知识扩展 ··········································································.246
项目小结 ································································································.246
思考与练习 ·····························································································.247
附录A 三极管的型号及命名方法 ·····································································.249
参考文献 ·····································································································.250