近年来，随着移动通信网络用户和终端爆发式增长，通信系统中的信息安全和隐私问题受到了广泛关注，尤其是随着超级计算机和量子通信的发展，传统基于加密的信息安全理论受到了巨大的挑战，设计安全内生的物理层通信架构和传输方案是实现高可靠、低成本、强安全的复杂异构移动通信网络的关键赋能技术之一。本书结合国内外产业界和学术界的最新研究进展，着眼于构建移动通信网络物理层安全体系和架构，针对多种典型应用场景，对多种潜在的物理层安全技术进行详尽的介绍和分析。本书内容主要包括概述、基于信息论的保密容量、基于无线信道特征的密钥生成、面向新场景应用的物理层密钥加密机制、物理层密钥加密机制面临的威胁及相应对策、基于信道编码与多址接入的物理层安全通信技术、通感一体化场景下的物理层安全通信、异构协作网络下的物理层安全通信、面向携能通信的物理层安全通信、面向星地协同网络的物理层安全通信、面向无人机通信的物理层安全通信等。

费泽松，北京理工大学教授，IEEE高级会员、中国电子学会高级会员、中国通信学会高级会员，承担多项国家科技重大专项和863专项，第一完成人获中国电子学会2019年自然科学二等奖1项，北京理工大学研究生精品课程2项。

第 1 章 概述································································································.1
1.1 引言 ·······························································································.1
1.2 研究现状 ·························································································.5
1.2.1 密钥产生和安全认证·································································.6
1.2.2 安全信道编码技术····································································.7
1.2.3 多天线安全预编码技术······························································.9
1.2.4 协作中继安全传输技术······························································10
1.3 本章小结 ·························································································11
本章参考文献··························································································12
第 2 章 基于信息论的保密容量········································································15
2.1 引言·································································································15
2.2 基于经典窃听信道模型的保密容量 ························································16
2.2.1 MIMO 窃听信道·······································································16
2.2.2 广播窃听信道 ··········································································18
2.2.3 多址接入窃听信道····································································20
2.2.4 干扰窃听信道 ··········································································21
2.2.5 中继窃听信道 ··········································································22
2.3 本章小结 ·························································································24
本章参考文献··························································································24
第 3 章 基于无线信道特征的密钥生成·······························································26
3.1 引言 ·······························································································26
3.2 密钥生成方案 ···················································································27
3.2.1 信道测量 ················································································28
3.2.2 信道特征预处理·······································································29
3.2.3 量化 ······················································································29
3.2.4 信息调和 ················································································30
3.2.5 保密加强 ················································································30
3.3 密钥生成方法的评价指标 ····································································30
3.3.1 密钥不一致率 ··········································································31
3.3.2 密钥生成速率 ··········································································31
3.3.3 随机性 ···················································································31
3.4 本章小结 ·························································································31
本章参考文献··························································································32
第 4 章 面向新场景应用的物理层密钥加密机制···················································33
4.1 引言 ·······························································································33
4.2 面向无人机场景的物理层密钥安全 ························································33
4.2.1 系统模型及无人机空对地信道建模···············································34
4.2.2 基于三维空间角度的密钥生成算法设计·········································37
4.2.3 密钥性能分析 ··········································································41
4.2.4 仿真验证 ················································································42
4.3 面向智能反射表面场景的物理层密钥安全···············································46
4.3.1 系统模型 ················································································46
4.3.2 RIS 保密容量···········································································48
4.3.3 SCA-SDR 优化方案···································································49
4.3.4 仿真结果 ················································································52
4.4 面向分布式天线系统的物理层密钥安全 ··················································54
4.4.1 系统和信道模型·······································································55
4.4.2 面向分布式天线系统的物理层密钥生成方案···································56
4.4.3 性能评估 ················································································64
4.4.4 实验评估 ················································································67
4.5 本章小结 ·························································································70
本章参考文献··························································································71
第 5 章 物理层密钥加密机制面临的威胁及相应对策·············································73
5.1 引言 ·······························································································73
5.2 密钥攻击方案及应对策略介绍 ······························································73
5.2.1 物理层密钥生成算法自身的安全性···············································73
5.2.2 针对物理层密钥的攻击策略及对应的对抗措施································74
5.2.3 本节小结 ················································································79
5.3 基于物理环境重构的新型密钥窃取攻击 ··················································79
5.3.1 系统模型 ················································································80
5.3.2 ERASE 在三维信道模型中的实际应用···········································80
5.3.3 仿真结果 ················································································82
5.3.4 本节小结 ················································································85
5.4 基于攻击检测的群组密钥分发方案 ························································85
5.4.1 系统模型及群组密钥安全方案框架···············································86
5.4.2 抗攻击的鲁棒的轻量级群组密钥生成算法······································90
5.4.3 本节小结 ·············································································.100
5.5 本章小结 ······················································································.100
本章参考文献·······················································································.101
第 6 章 基于信道编码与多址接入的物理层安全通信技术····································.102
6.1 引言······························································································.102
6.2 基于极化码的物理层安全技术 ···························································.103
6.2.1 并行中继信道下极化码的安全传输算法······································.103
6.2.2 多用户叠加传输系统中的极化码安全传输算法·····························.109
6.3 基于无速率码的物理层安全技术 ························································.120
6.3.1 在线喷泉码与安全·································································.120
6.3.2 安全低复杂度在线喷泉码的最佳构造·········································.121
6.3.3 链式构造编码 ·······································································.129
6.3.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.130
6.4 基于非正交多址协作的物理层安全技术 ···············································.132
6.4.1 非正交多址技术简介······························································.132
6.4.2 非正交多址协作物理层安全·····················································.133
6.4.3 认知无线电网络中协作 NOMA 安全性能分析 ······························.135
6.4.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.141
6.5 本章小结 ······················································································.143
本章参考文献·······················································································.144
第 7 章 通感一体化场景下的物理层安全通信···················································.148
7.1 引言 ····························································································.148
7.2 通感一体化场景下的空中窃听物理层安全优化······································.149
7.2.1 系统模型与问题描述······························································.149
7.2.2 交替优化算法 ·······································································.151
7.2.3 连续凸近似算法····································································.153
7.2.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.154
7.3 通感一体化场景下的车联网物理层安全优化·········································.155
7.3.1 系统模型 ·············································································.155
7.3.2 完美 CSI 场景下的问题描述和优化算法······································.157
7.3.3 不完美 CSI 场景下的问题描述和优化算法···································.163
7.3.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.164
7.3.5 以回波信号 SNR 为性能指标的设计方案 ····································.169
7.4 通感一体化场景下的频谱共享协同设计 ···············································.174
7.4.1 系统模型 ·············································································.174
7.4.2 问题构造 ·············································································.175
7.4.3 基于交替优化的算法······························································.176
7.4.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.178
7.5 本章小结 ······················································································.180
本章参考文献·······················································································.181
第 8 章 异构协作网络中的物理层安全通信······················································.186
8.1 引言 ····························································································.186
8.2 完美 CSI 下的安全波束成形设计························································.187
8.2.1 系统模型与问题描述······························································.187
8.2.2 基于 SCA 的 SDP 迭代优化算法················································.189
8.2.3 基于 SCA 的 SOCP 迭代优化算法··············································.192
8.2.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.195
8.3 不完美 CSI 下的安全波束成形设计·····················································.197
8.3.1 系统模型与问题描述······························································.197
8.3.2 鲁棒安全波束成形迭代优化算法···············································.198
8.3.3 仿真结果与分析····································································.202
8.4 本章小结 ······················································································.204
本章参考文献·······················································································.204
第 9 章 面向携能通信的物理层安全通信·························································.206
9.1 引言 ····························································································.206
9.2 无线携能 MISO 系统的安全传输策略 ··················································.207
9.2.1 系统模型与问题描述······························································.207
9.2.2 基于概率约束的安全波束成形设计············································.209
9.2.3 复杂度分析 ··········································································.213
9.2.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.213
9.3 无线携能中继系统的安全传输策略 ·····················································.216
9.3.1 系统模型与问题描述······························································.216
9.3.2 基于 PS 模式的安全波束成形设计 ·············································.217
9.3.3 基于 TS 模式的安全波束成形设计·············································.221
9.3.4 仿真结果与分析····································································.224
9.4 本章小结 ······················································································.226
本章参考文献·······················································································.226
第 10 章 面向星地协同网络的物理层安全通信 ·················································.229
10.1 引言···························································································.229
10.2 基于 MISO 信道的星地协同网络安全传输策略 ····································.231
10.2.1 系统模型与问题描述 ····························································.231
10.2.2 基于 S-Procedure 方法的优化设计 ············································.233
10.2.3 基于 Bernstein-Type 不等式方法的优化设计 ·······························.235
10.2.4 仿真结果与分析···································································.237
10.3 基于 MISO 信道的星地协同网络安全传输策略 ····································.239
10.3.1 系统模型与问题描述 ····························································.239
10.3.2 完美 CSI 下的安全波束成形设计 ·············································.242
10.3.3 不完美 CSI 下的安全波束成形设计 ··········································.243
10.3.4 仿真结果与分析···································································.245
10.4 基于多中继的星地协同网络安全传输策略···········································.247
10.4.1 系统模型与问题描述 ····························································.247
10.4.2 总功率约束下的安全速率最大化问题 ·······································.250
10.4.3 仿真结果与分析···································································.252
10.5 本章小结·····················································································.255
本章参考文献·······················································································.255
第 11 章 面向无人机通信的物理层安全通信 ····················································.258
11.1 引言···························································································.258
11.2 面向无人机通信的安全服务场景·······················································.259
11.3 面向无人机中继通信的安全传输策略·················································.260
11.3.1 系统模型与问题描述·····························································.260
11.3.2 优化问题求解······································································.263
11.3.3 仿真结果与分析···································································.266
11.4 本章小结·····················································································.267
本章参考文献·······················································································.268