本书适用于中等职业学校学生，可作为职业院校餐饮类专业教材的练习资料。本书是食品营养与健康课程的配套练习册，严格对接河南省中职该课程标准、对口升学考试大纲编写，完全对标主教材"模块-项目-任务”三级框架，同步衔接康养休闲营养相关教学要求。全书遵循学生认知规律，按"知识梳理+考点精讲+实操习题+综合测评”体例设计，题型覆盖对口升学全题型，兼顾基础巩固、技能训练与升学备考，融入餐饮加工、营养配餐、康养膳食等真实职业场景，杜绝偏题怪题。内容聚焦核心营养知识与岗位实操技能，配套全真模拟试卷与独立答案册，既满足日常课堂同步练习需求，又能助力考生系统攻克考点、提升应试与实操能力，全程贴合职业教育教学与升学双重核心需求。

赵银红，硕士学历，中共党员，高级技师，中国烹饪大师，省级教学创新团队负责人。深耕烹饪工艺与营养领域多年，在专业建设、教学研究及行业赛事方面成果丰硕。 一、专业建设与教学成果 1.主持完成国家级骨干专业（烹饪工艺与营养，2019年）及省级骨干专业（2021年）建设，推动专业教学体系优化升级。 2.领衔建设省级职业教育教学资源库（烹饪工艺与营养），助力行业人才培养标准化发展。 3.主持及参与省级精品在线课程2门，其中《中式烹调工艺》获评河南省职业教育线下一流核心课程（2023年），《烹调工艺学》立项为河南省课程思政示范课程（2022年）。 二、科研与行业贡献 1.发表核心期刊论文2篇，获实用性专利1项，推动烹饪工艺技术创新。 2.指导学生在全国及省级烹饪大赛中5次斩获二等奖以上佳绩，彰显教学实践能力。 3.多次担任全国烹饪赛事裁判，以专业视角助力行业赛事规范化发展。 三、职业教育理念 以匠心传承技艺，以创新引领未来。

模块一 食物的消化与吸收 ·············································································.001
任务一 认识人体消化系统 ·······································································.002
任务二 食物消化与吸收的过程 ··································································.006
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.011
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.014
模块二 能量与营养素 ···················································································.017
任务一 人体的能量代谢 ··········································································.018
任务二 蛋白质与健康 ·············································································.022
任务三 碳水化合物的营养作用 ··································································.025
任务四 脂类的合理摄入 ··········································································.029
任务五 维生素的营养屏障 ·······································································.033
任务六 矿物质的均衡补充 ·······································································.036
任务七 水和膳食纤维的生理意义 ·······························································.040
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.044
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.047
模块三 各类人群营养知识 ·············································································.050
任务一 孕妇与乳母的营养需求 ··································································.051
任务二 婴幼儿与儿童的营养保障 ·······························································.054
任务三 老年人的营养与膳食·····································································.058
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.062
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.065
模块四 各类食物营养特点 ·············································································.068
任务一 植物性食物的营养特点 ··································································.069
任务二 动物性食物的营养特点 ··································································.072
任务三 油脂和调味品的营养分析 ·······························································.075
任务四 饮料和茶的特点 ··········································································.079
任务五 营养强化和保健食品的营养特点 ······················································.082
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.086
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.089
模块五 中国居民膳食指南 ·············································································.093
任务一 一般人群的平衡膳食·····································································.094
任务二 特定人群的膳食指导·····································································.097
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.102
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.105
模块六 慢性病食疗养生与合理膳食 ··································································.108
任务一 肥胖症的膳食调理 ·······································································.110
任务二 心血管疾病的营养防治 ··································································.113
任务三 糖尿病的膳食管理 ·······································································.116
任务四 高尿酸血症与痛风的膳食调理 ·························································.119
模块测试题（一） ···················································································.123
模块测试题（二） ···················································································.126
综合测试题（一） ·························································································.129
综合测试题（二） ·························································································.132