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九寨沟国家级自然保护区硅藻图谱(英文版)
1992年,九寨沟凭借境内湖泊、瀑布、色彩绚丽的钙华地貌以及独特的人文特征,被联合国教科文组织列入《世界自然遗产名录》。在世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)保护区分类体系中,九寨沟属于第Ⅴ类保护地(陆地景观保护区)。硅藻是一大类真核(具备核膜包被的细胞核)微型藻类,也是最常见的光合生物(可通过与植物相同的方式自主合成有机质),是维系水生生境中独特钙华生态系统最重要的生物类群。由于硅藻物种多样性丰富,且物种鉴定工作需要较强的专业性,针对九寨沟硅藻的相关研究开展较少,现有研究也不够系统完善。本书系统收录九寨沟国家级自然保护区的硅藻资源,每个物种配有显微照片,并附有物种名录索引,可用于硅藻物种鉴定。同时,本书面向国内外读者简要介绍九寨沟国家级自然保护区的概况以及硅藻的基础生物学知识。
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萨格勒布大学,博士萨格勒布大学担任生物系主任,理学院投资与发展副院长,自然科学理事会设立北部校区工作组物理与投资规划委员会成员。硕士生导师,指导了14篇学士学位毕业论文、4篇硕士论文。她研究方向是淡水藻类生态学,主要包括藻类在凝灰岩形成/石灰岩结壳过程中的作用,以及根据欧盟WFD评估内陆水域的生态状态。共发表77篇科研论文,参编11部图书,举办55场特邀讲座和演讲(其中38场是国际性的)。她积极参与科学普及工作,曾任“青年科学”国家生物委员会秘书、克罗地亚生物竞赛委员会主席、克罗地亚教科文组织人与生物圈计划全国委员会副主席、欧洲YEER竞赛和国际多瑙河研究协会克罗地亚青年研究人员高级研究员。
Contents
Foreword V CHAPTER 1 About Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve 1 Geographical Location 1 Topography 1 Climatic Characteristics 2 Rivers and Water Resources 2 Soil Characteristics 3 Vegetation Resources and Types 3 CHAPTER 2 Common Facts About Diatoms 5 CHAPTER 3 Diatoms of Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve 9 General Approach 9 Sampling and Analysis 9 PLATE A. LM Microscope Photographs of Some Araphid Diatoms 13 PLATE B. LM Microscope Photographs of Some Monoraphid Diatoms 13 PLATE C. LM Microscope Photographs of Some Asymmetrical Biraphid Diatoms 14 PLATE D. LM Microscope Photographs of Some Symmetrical Biraphid Diatoms 15 PLATE E. LM Microscope Photographs of Some Centric, Eunotioid, and Nitzschioid Diatoms 16 PLATE F. SEM Microscope Photographs of Some Diatoms 17 PLATE G. SEM Microscope Photographs of Some Diatoms 18 PLATE 1. Cyclotella distinguenda Hustedt 19 PLATE 2. Lindavia radiosa (Grunow) De Toni & Forti 19 PLATE 3. Lindavia khinganensis Rioual, Lindavia sp. aff. antiqua (W. Smith) Nakov, Guillory, Julius, Theriot & Alverson, Orthoseira roeseana (Rabenhorst) Pfitzer., Pantocsekiella ocellata (Pantocsek) K.T. Kiss & ács, Stephanodiscus parvus Stoermer & H?kansson, Lindavia affinis (Grunow) Nakov, Guillory, Julius, Theriot & Alverson 22 PLATE 4. Odontidium hyemale (Roth) Kützing 24 PLATE 5. Odontidium mesodon (Ehrenberg) Kützing 24 PLATE 6. Odontidium sp. 1. nov., Meridion circulare (Greville) C. Agardh 25 PLATE 7. Diatoma vulgaris Bory 29 PLATE 8. Diatoma moniliformis Kützing 29 PLATE 9. Distrionella sp. 1. nov. 32 PLATE 10. Distrionella sp. 2. nov. 32 PLATE 11. Fragilaria tenera (W. Smith) Lange-Bertalot 35 PLATE 12. Fragilaria sp. 1. nov. 35 PLATE 13. Fragilaria perdelicatissima Lange-Bertalot & Van de Vijver 38 PLATE 14. Fragilaria amphicephaloides Lange-Bertalot 38 PLATE 15. Fragilaria sp. 2. nov. 41 PLATE 16. Fragilaria sp. 3. nov. 41 PLATE 17. Fragilaria sp. 4. nov. 44 PLATE 18. Fragilaria sp. 5. nov. 44 PLATE 19. Fragilaria sp. 6. nov. 47 PLATE 20. Fragilaria delicatissima (W. Smith) Lange-Bertalot, Fragilaria sp. aff radians (Kützing) D.M. Williams & F.E. Round, Fragilaria mesolepta Rabenhorst 47 PLATE 21. Fragilaria gracilis ?strup, Fragilaria recapitellata Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kützing) J.B. Petersen, Staurosira venter (Ehrenberg) Cleve & J.D. M?ller 51 PLATE 22. Fragilaria sp. 7, Fragilaria sp. aff. vaucheriae (Kützing) Petersen, Fragilaria sp. aff. henryi Lange-Bertalot 53 PLATE 23. Ulnaria ulna var. subaequalis (Grunow) Aboal, Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Compère 55 PLATE 24. Ulnaria sp. aff. contracta (?strup) E. Morales & M.L. Vis, Ulnaria acus (Kützing) Aboal 55 PLATE 25. Hannaea arcus (Ehrenberg) R.M. Patrick 56 PLATE 26. Hannaea orientalis (Skuja) Q. Liu, Glushchenko, Kulikovskiy & Kociolek 60 PLATE 27. Staurosira venter (Ehrenberg) Cleve & J.D. M?ller sensu lato, Staurosira venter (Ehrenberg) Cleve & J.D. M?ller, Staurosirella sp., Punctastriata sp. aff. mimetica E. Morales 60 PLATE 28. Staurosirella leptostauron (Ehrenberg) D.M. Williams & F.E. Round 61 PLATE 29. Staurosirella dubia (Grunow) E.A. Morales & K.M. Manoylov 65 PLATE 30. Staurosirella neopinnata E.A. Morales, C.E. Wetzel, Haworth & Ector 65 PLATE 31. Pseudostaurosira microstriata (Marciniak) Flower, Pseudostaurosira brevistriata (Grunow) D.M. Williams & Round 68 PLATE 32. Pseudostaurosira pseudoconstruens (Marciniak) D.M. Williams & F.E. Round, Pseudostaurosira robusta (Fusey) D.M. Williams & F.E. Round, Pseudostaurosira parasitica (W. Smith) E. Morales, Pseudostaurosira sp. aff. microstriata (Marciniak) Flower 70 PLATE 33. Achnanthidium sp. 1. nov. 72 PLATE 34. Achnanthidium longissimum P. Yu, Q.-M. You & J.P. Kociolek, Achnanthidium sp., Achnanthidium jiuzhaienis P. Yu, Q.-M. You & Q.-X. Wang, Achnanthidium sp. 2. nov. 72 PLATE 35. Achnanthidium pyrenaicum (Hustedt) H. Kobayasi 73 PLATE 36. Achnanthidium parallelum J.R. Carter ex Jüttner, D.M. Williams, Ector & C.E. Wetzel, Planothidium frequentissimum (Lange-Bertalot) Lange-Bertalot, Planothidium delicatulum (Kützing) Round & Bukhtiyarova, Achnanthidium trinode Ralfs, Platessa ziegleri (Lange-Bertalot) Lange-Bertalot, Kolbesia sichuanenis P. Yu, Q.-M. You & Q.-X. Wang, Karayevia clevei (Grunow) Bukhtiyarova, Platessa conspicua (A. Mayer) Lange-Bertalot 77 PLATE 37. Eucocconeis flexella (Kützing) Meister 79 PLATE 38. Cocconeis placentula Ehrenberg, Cocconeis euglypta Ehrenberg, Cocconeis sp., Eucocconeis laevis (?strup) Lange-Bertalot 79 PLATE 39. Cocconeis lineata Ehrenberg 80 PLATE 40. Cocconeis pediculus Ehrenberg 84 PLATE 41. Eunotia flexuosa (Brébisson) Kützing, Eunotia valida Hustedt, Eunotia glacialifalsa Lange-Bertalot, Eunotia arcubus N?rpel-Schempp & Lange-Bertalot, Eunotia ruzickae Bily & Marvan 84 PLATE 42. Eunotia arcus Ehrenberg 85 PLATE 43. Eunotia pseudominor Pavlov & Levkov 89 PLATE 44. Navicula tripunctata (O.F. Müller) Bory 89 PLATE 45. Navicula radiosa Kützing 92 PLATE 46. Navicula cryptotenella Lange-Bertalot 92 PLATE 47. Navicula cryptotenelloides Lange-Bertalot 95 PLATE 48. Navicula oligotrophenta Lange-Bertalot & Hofmann, Navicula cryptocephala Kützing, Navicula praeterita Hustedt, Navicula subalpina E. Reichardt, Navicula cryptofallax Lange-Bertalot & Hofmann 95 PLATE 49. Navicula pseudoharmoniae Chudaev 96 PLATE 50. Navicula scaniae Van de Vijver, Jarlman & Lange-Bertalot, Navicula sp. aff. cryptocephala Kützing, Navicula scibigiana Lange-Bertalot, Navicula tenelloides Hustedt, Navicula sp. 100 PLATE 51. Navicula peroblonga Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Soninkhishig, Navicula oblonga (Kützing) Kützing, Navicula sp. 102 PLATE 52. Navicula oligotrophenta Lange-Bertalot & Hofmann, Placoneis abiskoensis (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 102 PLATE 53. Adlafia bryophila (J.B. Petersen) Lange-Bertalot 103 PLATE 54. Amphipleura pellucida (Kützing) Kützing, Adlafia sp.1. nov., Geissleria acceptata (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, Luticola ventriconfusa Lange-Bertalot, Fallacia subhamulata (Grunow) D.G. Mann, Kobayasiella parasubtilissima (H. Kobayasi & T. Nagumo) Lange-Bertalot 107 PLATE 55. Sellaphora stroemii (Hustedt) D.G. Mann, Chamaepinnularia sp. 1., Chamaepinnularia sp. 2., Microcostatus naumanii (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot 109 PLATE 56. Sellaphora sp. 1 nov. 111 PLATE 57. Frustulia vulgaris (Thwaites) De Toni, Frustulia amoseana Lange-Bertalot, Berkella linearis Ross & Sims 111 PLATE 58. Berkella linearis Ross & Sims 112 PLATE 59. Stauroneis conspicua Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, Stauroneis gracilis Ehrenberg, Aneumastus tusculus (Ehrenberg) D.G. Mann & A.J. Stickle, Neidium distinctepunctatum Hustedt, Neidium bisulcatum var. subampliatum Krammer, Neidium bisulcatum (Lagerstedt) Cleve, Neidiomorpha binodiformis (Krammer) Cantonati, Lange-Bertalot & N. Angeli, Stauroneis separanda Lange-Bertalot & Werum 116 PLATE 60. Brachysira sp. 1. nov. 118 PLATE 61. Brachysira vitrea (Grunow) R. Ross, Brachysira microcephala (Grunow) Compère 118 PLATE 62. Brachysira neoexilis Lange-Bertalot, Brachysira sp. 2. nov., Brachysira sp. 3. nov. 121 PLATE 63. Diploneis sp. 1. nov. 123 PLATE 64. Diploneis mollenhaueri Lange-Bertalot & Fuhrmann, Diploneis fontanella Lange-Bertalot, Diploneis calcicolafrequens Lange-Bertalot & Fuhrmann, Diploneis separanda Lange-Bertalot 123 PLATE 65. Diploneis praetermissa Lange-Bertalot & Fuhrmann, Diploneis oculata (Brébisson) A. Cleve, Caloneis fontinalis (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot & E. Reichardt, Caloneis lancettula (E. Schulz) Lange-Bertalot & A. Witkowski 124 PLATE 66. Caloneis alpestris (Grunow) Cleve 125 PLATE 67. Caloneis limosa (Ehrenberg) Patrick, Caloneis sp. 1. 130 PLATE 68. Caloneis undulata (Gregory) Krammer 132 PLATE 69. Caloneis falcifera Lange-Bertalot, Genkal & Vekhov, Caloneis sp. aff. undulata (Gregory) Krammer 132 PLATE 70. Pinnularia viridis (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg, Pinnularia subcommutata var. nonfasciata Krammer, Pinnularia divergens W. Smith, Pinnularia grunowii Krammer, Pinnularia divergentissima (Grunow) Cleve 133 PLATE 71. Sichuanilla lacustris (Y.-L. Li, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin) Li Yanling, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 137 PLATE 72. Stauroneis sp. 1. nov. 137 PLATE 73. Mastogloia lacustris (Grunow) Van Heurck 140 PLATE 74. Encyonema silesiacum (Bleisch) D.G. Mann 140 PLATE 75. Encyonema ventricosum (C. Agardh) Grunow, Encyonema sp., Encyonema minutum (Hilse) D.G. Mann, Encyonema oblonga Q. Lui & S. Xie, Encyonopsis subminuta Krammer & E. Reichardt, Cymbella lancettula (Krammer) Krammer, Cymbella stigmaphora ?strup, Cymbella neoleptoceros Krammer 143 PLATE 76. Encyonopsis cesatiformis Krammer 145 PLATE 77. Encyonopsis cesatii (Rabenhorst) Krammer 145 PLATE 78. Encyonopsis descripta (Hustedt) Krammer 148 PLATE 79. Encyonopsis krammeri E. Reichardt, Encyonopsis microcephala (Grunow) Krammer, Encyonopsis subminuta Krammer 148 PLATE 80. Cymbella neocistula Krammer 149 PLATE 81. Cymbella dorsenotata ?strup 153 PLATE 82. Cymbella sp. aff. subcistula Krammer 153 PLATE 83. Cymbella asiaca Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Y. Li 156 PLATE 84. Cymbella stuxbergii (Cleve) Cleve 156 PLATE 85. Cymbella rumrichae Krammer 158 PLATE 86. Cymbella hantzschiana Krammer 159 PLATE 87. Cymbella weslawskii Krammer 159 PLATE 88. Cymbella subhelvetica Krammer 163 PLATE 89. Cymbella botellus (Lagerstedt) A. Schmidt 163 PLATE 90. Cymbella khokhensis Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Nergui 166 PLATE 91. Cymbella sp. 1. nov. 166 PLATE 92. Cymbella sp. 2. nov. 167 PLATE 93. Delicata sinensis Krammer & Metzeltin 171 PLATE 94. Delicata sp. 1. nov. 171 PLATE 95. Cymbopleura subaequalis (Grunow) Krammer 174 PLATE 96. Cymbopleura oblongata var. parva Krammer 174 PLATE 97. Cymbopleura sp. 1. nov. 177 PLATE 98. Cymbopleura sp. 1. nov. 177 PLATE 99. Cymbopleura laeviformis Krammer 180 PLATE 100. Cymbopleura rupicola (Grunow) Krammer, Cymbopleura lata (Grunow) Krammer 180 PLATE 101. Cymbopleura sp. 2. nov., Delicata williamsii B. Liu & S. Blanco 183 PLATE 102. Cymbopleura sp. 3. nov. 185 PLATE 103. Cymbopleura aff. japonica (Grunow) Krammer 185 PLATE 104. Cymbopleura aff. stauroneiformis (Lagerstedt) Krammer 188 PLATE 105. Cymbopleura similiformis Krammer, Cymbopleura amphicephala (N?geli) Krammer, Cymbopleura sublanceolata Krammer, Cymbopleura naviculiformis (Auerswald) Krammer 188 PLATE 106. Reimeria uniseriata S.E. Sala, J.M. Guerrero & M.E. Ferrario, Reimeria ovata (Hustedt) Levkov & Ector, Reimeria sinuata (W. Gregory) Kociolek & Stoermer, Cymbellafalsa sp. 1. nov. 189 PLATE 107. Amphora ovalis (Kützing) Kützing 190 PLATE 108. Amphora alpestris Levkov, Halamphora veneta (Kützing) Levkov, Halamphora normanii var. undulata (Krasske) Levkov, Halamphora normanii (Rabenhorst) Levkov, Amphora inariensis Krammer, Amphora copulata (Kützing) Schoeman & R.E.M. Archibald, Amphora pediculus (Kützing) Grunow, Halamphora thumensis (A. Mayer) Levkov 195 PLATE 109. Halamphora oligotrophenta (Lange-Bertalot) Levkov 197 PLATE 110. Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M. Schmidt 197 PLATE 111. Gomphonema acuminatum Ehrenberg 199 PLATE 112. Gomphonema vibrio Ehrenberg 200 PLATE 113. Gomphonema lateripunctatum E. Reichardt 203 PLATE 114. Gomphonema kasnakowi Mereschkowsky 203 PLATE 115. Gomphonema sp. 1. nov. 204 PLATE 116. Gomphonema tenue Fricke 208 PLATE 117. Gomphonema elegantissimum E. Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot 208 PLATE 118. Gomphonema sp. 2. nov. 209 PLATE 119. Gomphonema auritum A. Braun ex Kützing 213 PLATE 120. Gomphonema micropus Kützing 213 PLATE 121. Gomphonema dichotomum Kützing, Gomphosinica hedinii (Hustedt) Kociolek, You, Wang & Liu, Gomphonella sp. 1. nov. aff. olivaceoides var. densestriata Foged 216 PLATE 122. Denticula tenuis Kützing 218 PLATE 123. Denticula sp. 1. 218 PLATE 124. Nitzschia denticula Grunow 221 PLATE 125. Nitzschia denticula Grunow 221 PLATE 126. Grunowia solgensis (A. Cleve) Aboal, Hantzschia abundans Lange-Bertalot, Hantzschia amphioxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow, Hantzschia amphioxys var. aequalis Cleve-Euler, Surirella minuta Brébisson ex Kützing, Nitzschia monachorum Lange-Bertalot, Nitzschia recta Hantzsch, Nitzschia diversa Hustedt 224 PLATE 127. Nitzschia gisela Lange-Bertalot, Nitzschia linearis W. Smith, Nitzschia rectirobusta Lange-Bertalot 226 PLATE 128. Nitzschia gessneri Hustedt 226 PLATE 129. Nitzschia fossilis (Grunow) Grunow 229 PLATE 130. Nitzschia sp. aff. archibaldii Lange-Bertalot, Nitzschia fonticola (Grunow) Grunow, Nitzschia sp. 1., Nitzschia dealpina Lange-Bertalot & Hofmann, Nitzschia bulnheimiana (Rabenhorst) H. L. Smith, Nitzschia jucunda Hustedt 229 PLATE 131. Tryblionella angustata W. Smith 232 References 235 Index of the Taxa 239 Meanings of the Most Common Latin Abbreviations Used in Taxa 245
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