本书侧重于化学镀(EP)重要的实际工艺、原理和理论问题，从材料科学的角度来描述EP合金镀层。具有以下几个特点： 

     1． 内容全面、独特，同类书中未有 

      目前已出版的同类书中多介绍样品或工件的前后处理、化学镀设备、EP废液的处理工艺，EP性能以及广泛应用等内容，但从未从材料的角度来描写镀层。本书中的主要内容恰好弥补了目前出版物中的空白，详细介绍各种EP镀层(纯金属、二元和多元合金，以及各种纳米合金镀层)的制备工艺，化学复合镀，纳米化学镀，内部成分和微结构，表面SEM结构，各种影响因素，铁基化学镀合金镀层，绿色化学镀，EP形成机理和动力学，EP非晶态合金形成理论和形成区，以及EP的微观理论等。尤其铁基化学镀合金镀层是作者具有自主知识产权的原创内容。为了突出独创特点，本书只论述了上述这些在同类图书中没有的内容，同类书中已涉及的内容全部舍弃。 

    2． 反映了国际化学镀发展的新进展 

    从上世纪40年代发现化学镀Ni至今，从未有人在论文或书中作出全面论述。本书以一章的内容，将整个发展史划分为4个阶段，做了详细论述(其缩写内容分两期已发表在英国的Trans. IFM 杂志上)。此外，纳米化学镀，Fe基合金化学镀，绿色化学镀，EP非晶合金镀层的形成理论和形成区理论，以及EP的微观理论，全都是崭新的内容，EP书籍中从未论述过的。书中都以专    门的章来论述。 

     3. 内容丰富，资料来自全球2100多篇原始论文。 

     4．发现式写法，指出问题和发展方向，引导读者思考 

写书很忌讳的恐怕就是只罗列出素材和数据，没有任何的解释，没有任何的来龙去脉、发展状况，没有指出尚存在的问题和可能的发展方向。本书作者极力避免在他的书中出现此等状况。因此，除了清晰地描述和说明实验事实、数据和结论之外，非常注重于定性定量解释，往往还有作者的评述。差不多每个问题都尽可能的叙述其发展历史和现状。清晰地指出尚存在的问题和应当努力的方向。目的不仅是让读者能够掌握已有的EP知识，更希望能够尽可能的引起他们的兴趣和思考，引导他们自己去考虑进一步的问题，去解决尚未解决的问题。

Preface xv 

Part I 

History of Electroless Plating 

1. History–From the Discovery of Electroless Plating to the Present 

1.1 Discovery of Electroless Plating 4 

1.1.1 Early Works 4 

1.1.2 Brenner and Riddell’s Work 6 

1.2 Early Stage of Development (1940s–1959) 9 

1.2.1 Research Works 9 

1.2.2 Patents Issued 10 

1.2.3 Preliminary Applications 12 

1.3 Slow Growth of Period (1960–1979) 12 

1.3.1 Improvement of the Plating Bath 13 

1.3.2 Various Electroless Plating Metals 17 

1.3.3 Electroless Plating Cu 20 

1.3.4 Deposition Substrate 23 

1.3.5 Application 26 

1.4 Rapid Development of Period (1980–1999) 26 

1.4.1 Studying the Nature of Electroless Plating 26 

1.4.2 Studying the Properties of Electroless Plating Deposits 27 

1.4.3 Large-Scale Application in Many Industries 31 

1.4.4 Investigation of Ternary and Multicomponent Alloys and Composites 33 

1.4.5 Electroless Plating Began and Developed Rapidly in China 34 

1.4.6 Electroless Plating Fe–B Based Alloys Have Been Proposed and Developed 35 

1.5 In-Depth Development and Nanoelectroless Plating Stage (2000–Present) 36 

1.5.1 In-Depth Investigation of the Mechanism and Theory in Electroless Plating 38 

1.5.2 Rapid Development of Nanoelectroless Plating 38 

1.6 Summary and Prospect 39 

References 40 

Part II 

Technology of Electroless Plating-Plating Bath, Critical Parameters, Deposition Rate,and Stability of Plating Bath 

2. Electroless Plating Baths of Metals, Binary Alloys,and Multicomponent Alloys 

2.1 General Consideration for Electroless Plating Bath Solution 51 

2.2 Plating Bath of Electroless Pure Nickel and Nickel-Based Binary Alloys 53 

2.2.1 Pure Ni and Co Metals 53 

2.2.2 Ni–P 53 

2.2.3 Ni–B 53 

2.3 Cobalt-Based Binary Alloys 57 

2.3.1 Co–P 57 

2.3.2 Co–B 57 

2.4 Cu and Copper-Based Binary Alloys 58 

2.5 Au 58 

2.6 Ag 58 

2.7 Pd and Palladium-Based Binary Alloys 59 

2.8 Pt and Platinum-Based Binary Alloys 59 

2.9 Ru, Rh, Os, and Cr–P Binary Alloys 59 

2.10 Group B Metals (Zn, Cd, In, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi) and a Few Binary Alloys of these Metals 62 

2.11 Electroless Plating of Ternary Alloys 67 

2.11.1 Ni–Me–P Alloy Plating Baths 67 

2.11.2 Co–Me–P Alloy Plating Baths 74 

2.11.3 Ni–Me–B Alloy Plating Baths 74 

2.11.4 Co–Me–B Alloy Plating Baths 74 

2.11.5 Other Ternary Alloy Plating Baths 89 

2.12 Electroless Plating of Quaternary Alloys 90 

2.12.1 Ni-Based Quaternary Alloy Plating Baths 90 

2.12.2 Co-Based Quaternary Alloy Plating Baths 90 

2.13 Electroless Plating Quinary and Multialloys 90 

2.14 Summary 90 

References 100 

3. Electroless Composite Plating 

3.1 General Considerations about ECP 109 

3.2 Bath Solutions of ECP 110 

3.2.1 Bath for Binary Alloy-Based ECP 110 

3.2.2 Bath for Ternary Alloy-Based ECP 113 

3.2.3 Bath for ECP With Two Kinds of Particles 116 

3.3 Summary 116 

References 138 

4. Nano Electroless Plating 

4.1 Bulk Nano EP Materials 144 

4.1.1 Nano ECP 144 

4.1.2 EP Three-Dimensional Nanostructured Materials (3D NSMs) 163 

4.2 2D Nano EP Materials 172 

4.2.1 EP 2D Nano Films 173 

4.2.2 EP 2D Nanoplates 181 

4.2.3 EP 2D Nanodisks 182 

4.2.4 EP 2D Nanoshells and Nanosheets 183 

4.2.5 EP 2D Nanowalls 184 

4.2.6 EP 2D Nano Circles and Rings 185 

4.2.7 EP 2D Nanohoneycomb 187 

4.2.8 EP 2D Nanoline, Nanofi n Pattern, and 2D Nano Grating 188 

4.3 Linear (1D) Nano EP Materials 191 

4.3.1 EP Nanotubes 191 

4.3.2 EP Nanowires 214 

4.3.3 EP Nanorods 240 

4.3.4 EP Nanobelts 246 

4.4 Zero-Dimensional Nano EP Materials 250 

4.4.1 EP Nanoparticles 251 

4.4.2 EP Nanoparticle Arrays 262 

4.4.3 EP Nanoparticles Other Than Spherical Shape 264 

4.4.4 EP Core-Shell Nanoparticles 268 

4.5 Summary 278 

References 279 

5. Electroless Plating Fe-Based Alloys 

5.1 Why Electroless Plating Fe–B Alloys? 291 

5.2 Discovery of EP Fe–B Alloys 292 

5.2.1 The Plating Bath and Affective Parameters 294 

5.2.2 Analysis of the Diffi culty in Obtaining EP Fe–B Alloys 295 

5.2.3 Composition, Structure, and Properties of EP Fe–B Alloys 296 

5.2.4 Formation Mechanism of EP Fe–B Alloys 303 

5.2.5 Problems and Worthwhile Improvements for EP Fe–B Alloys 304 

5.3 EP Binary Fe–B Alloys 305 

5.4 EP Fe–B-Based Multicomponent Alloys 307 

5.4.1 EP Fe–W–B Alloy Deposits 308 

5.4.2 EP Fe–Mo–B Alloy Deposits 310 

5.4.3 EP Fe–Sn–B Alloy Deposits 312 

5.4.4 EP Fe–W–Mo–B Alloy Deposits 313 

5.4.5 EP Fe–Ni–B Alloy Deposits 315 

5.5 EP Fe–P Alloys 315 

5.6 EP Fe–P-Based Ternary-Component Alloys 317 

5.7 Summary 319 

References 319