《追求确定性:知识与行为的关系研究》对知识行为的关系研究内容主要包括以下十一部分:1.逃避危险;2.哲学对于常性的寻求;3.冲突;4.接受艺术与控制艺术;5.观念在工作中;6.观念的发挥;7.理智的所在;8.智力的归化;9.方法至上;10.善的构成;11.哥白尼式的革命。
国哲学家尤根.哈贝马斯将杜威的《追求确定性》称为杜威“最有影响的著作”并给予高度的评价。本书中杜威讨论了作为架通认识与评价这两个领域的中介环节的重要意义。杜威研究知与行的关系,强调知识具有实践的意义,指出理论与实践之间有着内在的联系,这种内在联系使得知识成为实现人类目的的工具和手段。书中叙述了传统的区分知识与行动的方法对哲学概念的影响,说明了在自然科学结论和价值观念之间进行协调的问题如何支配着各派哲学,阐明了科学本身就是一种有目的的实践行动的方式,知识的确定是一个不断追求的过程。
1.逃避危险
2.哲学对于常性的寻求
3.权威冲突
4.接受艺术与控制艺术
5.观念在工作中
6.观念的发挥
7.理智权威的所在
8.智力的归化
9.方法至上
10.善的构成
11.哥白尼式的革命
《追求确定性:知识与行为的关系研究》:
ions, combinations and separations.But the object bf direct or perceptible experience remains the same qualitative object,enjoyable and usable, it always was.Water as an object of science, as H2O with all the other scientific propositions which can be made about it, is not a rival for position in real being with the water we see and use.It is, because of experimental operations, an added instrumentality of multiplied controls and uses of the real things of everyday experience.
I am aware that this method of dealing with the great problem of modern philosophy will be regarded by many as too cavalier a disposition of a great issue; the solution if there be any (and many thinkers would perhaps feel any solution to be a real deprivation) is too simple and easy to be satisfactory.But I shall be content if the account leads anyone to reconsider the traditional beliefs which stand in the way of acceptance of the solution that is proposed.These preconceptions are the assumption that knowledge has a uniquely privileged position as a mode of access to reality in comparison with other modes of experience, and that as such it is superior to practical activity.Both of these ideas were formulated in a period when knowing was regarded as something which could be effected exclusively by means of the rational powers of mind.The development of scientific inquiry with its complete dependence upon experimentation has proved the profound error of the latter position.Is it not time to revise the philosophical conceptions which are founded on a belief now proved to be false?
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